Topics in the Textbook 4.1 Introduction Order and Disorder 4.2 Examples of Ordered and Disordered Solids 4.3 Amorphous Solids Defects in Solids 4.4 Localized Defects 4.5 Extended Defects 4.6 Thermodynamics of Defect Formation: Entropy 4.7 Examples of Defect Studies References Problems SECTION II PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS W5 Phonons W5.1 Monatomic Lattice with Random Interactions W5.2 Debye–Waller Factor Appendix W5A: Quantization of Elastic Waves Appendix W5B: Dispersion Relations in the General Case Appendix W5C: Van Hove Singularities Topics in the Textbook Diffraction 3.1 Fourier Analysis in One and Three Dimensions 3.2 Examples of Reciprocal Lattices Elastic Scattering from Ordered and Disordered Materials 3.3 Crystalline Solids 3.4 Bragg and von Laue Descriptions of Diffraction 3.5 Polycrystalline Solids or Powders 3.6 Elastic Scattering from an Amorphous Solid References Problems W4 Order and Disorder in Solids W4.1 W4.2 W4.3 W4.4įurther Discussion of the Random Close-Packing Model Further Discussion of the Continuous Random Network Model Illustrations of the Law of Mass Action Nonstoichiometry Topics in the Textbook 2.1 Introduction Bonding in Elemental Solids 2.2 Covalent Bonding 2.3 Metallic Bonding 2.4 van der Waals Bonding Bonding in Multielement Crystals 2.5 Ionic Bonding 2.6 Mixed Ionic–Covalent Bonding and Ionicity 2.7 Hydrogen Bonding Cohesive Energies Summary of Some Atomic Properties and Parameters 2.8 Ionization Energy and Electron Affinity 2.9 Electronegativity 2.10 Atomic Radii: Ionic, Covalent, Metallic, and van der Waals References Problems W3 Diffraction and the Reciprocal Lattice W3.1 Voronoi Polyhedra W3.2 Molecular Geometry and Basis Structure from Diffraction Data Reference Problem W2 Bonding in Solids W2.1 Atomic, Hybrid, and Molecular Orbitals Involved in Bonding in Solid-State Materials W2.2 Absence of Covalent Bonding in White Sn (ˇ-Sn) and Pb W2.3 Madelung Energy of Ionic Crystals W2.4 Hydrogen Bonding in Ice (Solid H2 O) W2.5 Standard Enthalpies of Formation W2.6 Bond Energies W2.7 Ionization Energies and Electron Affinities W2.8 Valence W2.9 Electronegativity SECTION I STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS W1 Structure of Crystals W1.1 Crystal Structures Based on Icosahedral Bonding Units W1.2 Packing Fractions of BCC and CsCl Crystal Structures W1.3 Density of CsCl Problem Topics in the Textbook 1.1 Introduction Introduction to Lattices 1.2 Translation Vectors 1.3 Unit Cells 1.4 Bravais Lattices 1.5 Lattice Axes, Planes, and Directions Local Atomic Bonding Units and Crystal Structures 1.6 Local Atomic Bonding Units 1.7 Crystal Structures 1.8 Packing Fractions and Densities References Problems 0421 - dc21 Printed in the United States of America. (Joel Irwin) The physics and chemistry of materials / Joel I. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Gersten, Joel I. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-mail: For ordering and customer service, call 1-800-CALL-WILEY. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744.
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